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中國加入世貿組織后外商投資的新機遇(中英對照)
Date:2009-3-24
--外經貿部副部長孫振宇在"2001·中國西部論壇"上的演講
各位嘉賓，
女士們、先生們：
在美麗的金秋時節，我很高興能在既古老神秘又充滿現代活力的古都西安，迎來參加"2001·中國西部論壇"的各位嘉賓。借此機會，我愿意就加入世貿組織后外商投資中國西部的新機遇，向各位嘉賓作一簡要介紹，希望進一步促進外商積極參與中國西部大開發，推動廣大的西部地區加快經濟和社會發展的進程。
女士們、先生們：
中國恢復關貿總協定締約國地位和加入世貿組織已經走過了15年歷程。15年的滄桑變化，已經深深印在中國人的記憶之中，并且也為每一位關心和支持中國現代化事業的外國朋友所見證。值得欣慰的是，近年來，在有關各方的共同努力下，中國加入世貿組織的進程明顯加快。
今年5月和6月，中國先后同美國、歐盟就中國加入世貿組織多邊談判的遺留問題進行磋商，并達成了全面共識。7月初和7月中旬，世貿組織第16次和第17次中國工作組會議，結束了中國加入世貿組織的實質性談判，完成了中國加入世貿組織的議定書、中國工作組報告書等多邊法律文件的起草工作。我相信，9月召開的第18次中國工作組會議，將最終通過中國加入世貿組織的所有法律文件，并將這些法律文件提交世貿組織總理事會審議，從而結束中國工作組的工作。如無特別情況，今年11月在卡塔爾多哈舉行的世貿組織第四次部長級會議，將正式通過決議，接納中國成為世貿組織正式成員。經過15年的艱辛努力，中國加入世貿組織即將成為現實。
女士們、先生們：
吸收外商直接投資，是中國對外開放基本國策的重要組成部分。二十多年來，隨著改革開放逐步深化，中國吸收外資的規模和質量不斷提高。截至2001年7月底，中國累計批準設立的外商投資企業37.
8萬家，合同外資金額7170.1億美元，實際使用外資金額3728.3億美元。
今年以來，外商來華直接投資繼續保持良好勢頭。1-7月，共批準設立外商投資企業1.4萬家，比去年同期增長18.2%；合同外資金額402.9億美元，增長45.8%；實際使用外資金額242.1億美元，增長21.7%。
在中國東部地區吸收外資迅速增長的同時，西部地區吸收外資也取得了明顯進展。截至2001年6月底，西部地區吸收外商直接投資的項目數、合同外資金額和實際使用外資金額，在全國總量中所占比重分別為7.3%、6%和5.3%。今年1-6月，西部地區新設立外商投資企業742家，合同外資19.1億美元，實際使用外資7.1億美元。
加入世貿組織，是中國社會主義市場經濟發展的內在要求，也順應了世界經濟發展的客觀趨勢，必將為世界各國和地區同中國開展經濟貿易合作提供前所未有的機遇。加入世貿組織后，中國將有步驟地開放銀行、保險、電信、外貿、內貿、旅游等服務領域，制定統一、規范、透明的投資準入政策，抓緊制定和完善相關涉外法律法規，提高涉外經濟工作依法行政水平，建立健全符合國際通行規則和我國國情的對外經濟貿易體制。外商來中國投資，參與西部大開發，正面臨著新的發展機遇。
中國西部經濟將繼續保持快速增長，為外商投資西部創造更多的投資機會。經過二十多年的快速發展，西部地區已奠定了一定的物質技術基礎，社會保持穩定，市場經濟體制正在逐步建立和完善之中，為西部經濟持續快速增長創造了有利的市場環境。中國政府堅持實行以擴大內需為主的發展方針，并把擴大內需與調整經濟結構、推動科技進步、促進對外開放結合起來。隨著西部大開發戰略的穩步推進，西部地區的資源優勢、經濟優勢將得到充分發揮，經濟增長的質量和水平將進一步提高。
國家鼓勵外商投資西部的政策已經并將繼續發揮積極作用，為外商投資西部提供了有力的政策支持。為鼓勵外商加大向中西部地區投資的力度，進一步促進西部地區經濟發展，自1999年以來，國家已經制定了一系列鼓勵外商向中西部地區投資的優惠政策，主要涉及擴大中西部地區對外開放領域、拓寬投資方式、放寬對外商投資的限制、對在鼓勵投資的領域設立的外商投資企業給予更加優惠的稅收待遇、加大對投資項目的金融支持、設立國家級經濟技術開發區以營造優良的投資環境等六個方面。國務院《關于實施西部大開發若干政策措施的通知》發布后，鼓勵外商投資西部地區的各項政策措施進一步配套和完善。隨著中國加入世貿組織，中國政府還將在以下九個方面采取積極措施，吸引更多的外商投資西部地區。
1．及時修訂《中西部地區利用外資優勢產業目錄》，有效發揮西部地區的資源優勢和經濟優勢，突出發展特色經濟。
2．完善《外商投資企業境內投資的暫行規定》，創造條件，促進沿海的外商投資企業到西部地區再投資，實現產業的梯度轉移。
3．進一步擴大西部地區吸收外商投資的領域，鼓勵外商投資農業、林業、水利、交通、能源、市政公用、環保等基礎領域及基礎設施建設，以及礦產、旅游等資源開發。
4．研究鼓勵外商投資西電東送、西氣東輸、南水北調、青藏鐵路等國家骨干工程的政策，加快西部地區基礎設施建設步伐。
5．研究制定外商收購、兼并國有企業，利用BOT、TOT等方式進行投資，以及外商投資企業在境內外上市發行股票等各項政策措施。
6．鼓勵外商投資企業引進、開發先進技術，進行技術創新，積極引導外商特別是跨國公司投資高新技術產業和建立研究開發機構，促進外商投資興辦資金技術密集型項目和設立更多的先進技術型項目。
7．將銀行、保險、商業零售、外貿、電信、旅行社、建筑及與其相關的服務、中外合作會計師事務所、律師事務所等領域的對外開放試點擴大到符合條件的中西部地區中心城市，并適當放寬在這些領域設立外商投資企業的條件。
8．鼓勵中小企業積極參與國際合作，促進外商投資于機電產品、零部件產業和原材料等配套和出口創匯項目。
9．堅持"以工業項目為主，吸收外資為主，出口為主，致力于高新技術"的發展方針，繼續辦好西部地區國家級經濟技術開發區，有效發揮示范、帶動、輻射和促進作用。
中國政府將著力改善投資環境，進一步增強對外商投資的吸引力。目前，正在把改善投資環境的工作重點放在致力于完善投資的軟環境上。
一是創造完備的法律環境。按照中國加入世貿組織的承諾，加快修改、制定有關吸收外資的法律法規，完善涉外經濟法律體系；加大對知識產權的保護力度，維護外商投資企業的合法權益；建立統一規范公開的外商投資準入制度，削減對外商投資準入審批事項。
二是營造統一透明、可預見的政策環境。改善和加強對外商投資企業的管理和服務，加快建立健全社會信用制度，改善外商投資企業的融資環境；利用外商投資企業投訴中心，做好對外國投資者和外商投資企業投訴的受理工作，依法保護企業合法權益。
三是建立廉潔高效、公正規范的行政環境。適應市場經濟發展的要求，加快轉變政府職能，樹立依法行政意識，提高行政效率。規范中介機構的行為，引導中介機構更好地為外商投資企業服務。
四是維護和完善公平開放的市場環境。結合當前中國政府正在開展的整頓和規范市場經濟秩序工作，堅決制止對外商投資企業的亂收費、亂檢查、亂攤派和亂罰款等，打破地方保護和行業壟斷，為外商投資企業創造統一開放、公平競爭的市場環境。
女士們，先生們：
中國改革開放以來，國民經濟年均增長速度達到9.7%。中國已經發展成為一個全球極富吸引力的、現實的大市場。世界各國和地區不少有遠見卓識的企業家，都將目光投向了中國，投向了西部，并從投資活動中獲得了豐厚的回報。我相信，中國加入世貿組織后，外商參與中國西部開發的機會將越來越多，自身發展的空間也越來越大，同時西部經濟的潛力將得到更大的釋放。西部大開發一定能成為溝通世界各國和地區的企業家與中國市場的一座橋梁，促進中國和世界經濟共同發展、共同繁榮。
謝謝大家。
WTO Membership: New Opportunities for Foreign Investment
Speech at China West Forum 2001
SUN Zhenyu,
Vice Minister of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation
(Xi'an, September 5th， 2001)
Distinguished guests,
Ladies and gentlemen,
In the golden autumn, I am very happy to welcome the distinguished guests
to China West Forum 2001 in the ancient capital Xi'an, an age-old and mysterious
city full of dynamism of the modern era. Taking this opportunity, I would
like to brief you on the new opportunities for foreign investment in the
west after China joins the WTO. I hope that foreign businesspeople could
take part in the development of western regions more actively to advance
the economic and social development of the vast western areas.
Ladies and gentlemen,
China has gone through a journey of 15 years in order to first resume the
contracting party status in GATT and later to enter the WTO. The twists
and turns over the past 15 years have been deeply embedded in the minds
of the Chinese people and witnessed by each and every foreign friend who
cares for and supports China's cause of modernization. However, it is a
comfort to see that China's accession to the WTO has been noticeably accelerated
with the concerted efforts of various relevant parties over recent years.
In May and June this year, China held consultations and reached comprehensive
consensus with US and EU on the outstanding issues in the multilateral
negotiation of China's WTO accession. In early and mid July, the WTO held
the 16th and 17th sessions of the China Working Party Meeting, at which
the substantive negotiation on China's WTO entry was concluded with the
drafting of the Protocol, Working Party Report and other multilateral legal
documents regarding China's WTO accession completed. I believe at the 18th
Working Party Meeting to be convened in September, all the legal documents
on China's accession will be eventually adopted and submitted to the WTO
General Council for review, thus wrapping up the historic mission of the
WTO Working Party on China. Hard endeavor of 15 years is about to turn
China's entry to the WTO into a reality.
Ladies and gentlemen,
FDI absorption constitutes an important component of China's basic state
policy of reform and opening up. As the reform and opening up going into
depth over the past two decades and more, China has been constantly improving
its FDI utilization in terms of scale and quality. As of the end of July
2001, China had cumulatively approved 378,000 foreign funded enterprises
with a contractual value of USD 717.01 billion, of which USD 372.83 billion
had been actually paid in.
China has maintained a good momentum in its FDI attraction since this year.
January through July, 14,000 foreign-invested enterprises were approved
to establish, 18.2% higher than the corresponding period of last year,
the contractual value of foreign investment grew by 45.8% to USD 40.29
billion and the actually utilized value climbed by 21.7% to USD 24.21 billion.
While the FDI absorption of the eastern areas is growing at a rapid speed,
the western regions have also made obvious headway in its FDI attraction.
Up to the end of June 2001, the project number, contractual value and actually
utilized value of FDI in the west accounted for 7.3%, 6% and 5.3% of the
national total. In the first 6 months of this year, 742 new foreign invested
enterprises were set up in the western regions with the contractual value
amounting to USD 1.91 billion and actually utilized value, USD 710 million.
Joining the WTO is an inherent requirement of China's development of its
socialist market economy which also complies with the objective trend of
the world economic progress, and it will bring about unprecedented opportunities
to the economic and trade cooperation between China and various countries
and regions in the world. After becoming a member of the WTO, China will
open service areas such as banking, insurance, telecommunication, foreign
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trade, domestic trade, tourism step by step, formulate uniform, standard
and transparent investment access policy, intensify efforts to enact and
perfect relevant foreign related laws and regulations, improve the level
of administration according to law in foreign related economic work, establish
and perfect the foreign economic and trade regime consistent with the international
prevailing rules and actual situation in China. Foreign business people
are facing new development opportunities in making investment in China
and participating in the development of western regions.
The continuous rapid economic growth in the west will generate more investment
opportunities for foreign investment in the area. The rapid development
over the past 20 years and more has laid down certain material and technological
foundation in the west. This, coupled with social stability and gradual
shaping and improvement of the market economic system, has created a favorable
market environment for the sustained and fast economic progress in the
western regions. The Chinese government adheres to the guiding principle
of development focusing on the expansion of domestic demand and it has
combined the expansion of domestic demand, economic restructuring, advancement
of science and technology and promotion of opening up. As the Strategy
of Developing the Western Regions is steadily pushed forward, the resource
and economic advantages of the west will be brought into full play thus
further raising the quality and level of its economic growth.
The country's incentives for foreign investment in the western regions
have already played and will continue to play a positive role by giving
forceful policy support to foreign investment in the area. In order to
encourage foreign businesspeople to intensify investment in the central
and western regions of China and further accelerate the economic development
of the area, since 1999, the country has unveiled a series of preferential
policies for foreign investment in central and western China, including
the enlargement of open up areas, diversification of investment modes,
relaxation of investment restrictions, more preferential taxation policy
for foreign invested enterprises in encouraged fields, intensification
of financial support to investment projects and the cultivation of a sound
investment environment by establishing economic and technological development
zones at national level. Since the Circular of the State Council on Several
Policy Measures concerning the Implementation of the Development of the
Western Regions was issued, various policy measures to encourage foreign
investment in the west have been further complemented and improved. With
China's upcoming accession to the WTO, the Chinese government will adopt
positive measures in the following nine aspects to attract more foreign
investment to the western regions.
1. To amend in time the Industrial Catalogue for Foreign Investment in
the Central and Western Regions to effectively play out the resource and
economic advantages of the west, underlying economic development with characteristics.
2. To improve the Provisional Regulations on Investment By Foreign-funded
Enterprises in China to create conditions for the reinvestment in the west
by foreign invested enterprises along the coast and realize the grads transfer
of industries.
3. To further expand areas for foreign investment in the west and encourage
foreign investment in agriculture, forestry, water conservancy, communications,
energy, municipal utility, environmental protection and other basic fields
as well as infrastructure construction and mineral, tourist and the like
resource development.
4. To study incentives for foreign investment in the country's key projects
such as electricity and gas transmission from the west to the east, water
diversion from the south to the north and Qinghai-Tibet Railway in a bid
to pace up infrastructure construction of the western regions.
5. To study and formulate various policy measures governing merger and
acquisition of state-owned enterprises by foreign investors, investment
in the form of BOT and TOT and overseas public offering of foreign funded
enterprises in China.
6. To encourage foreign invested enterprises to introduce and develop advanced
technology and conduct technological innovation. Positive guidance will
be offered to foreign businesses especially transnational corporations
to invest in high and new technological industry, capital- and technology-intensive
industries, set up R&D institutions and build more projects with state-of-the-art
technology.
7. To expand the trial opening up of banking, insurance, commercial retail,
foreign trade, telecommunication, tourist agency, construction and its
related services, Sino-foreign joint venture accounting firms and law firms
to qualified central cities in the middle and western regions with conditions
for the establishment of foreign invested enterprises in those fields properly
relaxed.
8. to encourage small- and medium-sized enterprises to take an active part
in the international cooperation and promote foreign businesspeople to
invest in electromechanical products, spare parts industry, raw material
and other supporting and export-oriented foreign exchange generating projects.
9. To stick to the development guidelines focusing on industrial projects,
FDI absorption and export, with a special emphasis on high and new technology
development. To continue to run economic and technological development
zones at national level successfully, giving full play to their role as
demonstration projects and driving force, so as to bring along and promote
the development of other areas.
The Chinese government will make elaborate efforts to improve the investment
climate to make the environment more attractive to foreign investors. At
present, the focus is on perfecting the soft environment for investment.
First, we'll create a complete and well-established legal environment.
According to its commitment to join the WTO, China is quickening the amendments
to and formulation of relevant laws and regulations to attract FDI and
perfecting its foreign related economic legal system. It is strengthening
protection of intellectual property rights and safeguarding the legitimate
rights and interests of foreign invested enterprises. It is setting up
a uniform, standard and open foreign investment access system and reducing
items subject to examination and approval.
Second, we'll cultivate a uniform, transparent and predictable policy environment.
China is improving and strengthening management of and service to foreign
funded enterprises, pacing up the establishment and perfection of social
credit system and improving the financing environment for foreign invested
enterprises. China is making use of the complaint centers of foreign invested
enterprises to well accept and hear cases and to protect the legitimate
rights and interests of foreign funded enterprises according to law.
Third, we'll establish a clean, highly effective, fair and standard administrative
environment. Governmental functions are being transformed at a higher speed
with the sense of administration according to law built up and administrative
efficiency raised. Conducts of intermediary institutions are being standardized
to better serve foreign invested enterprises.
Fourth, we'll maintain and improve a fair and open market environment.
Random fees and fines, unauthorized inspections and compulsory donations
are firmly prohibited in pace with the on-going rectification and standardization
of market economic order conducted by the Chinese government. Regional
protection and industrial monopoly are being broken down, so as to create
a uniform and open market environment for fair competition of foreign funded
enterprises.
Ladies and gentlemen,
China has attained an annual average growth rate of 9.7% for its national
economy since the inception of reform and open up policy. China has evolved
to an extremely attractive and realistic big market in the global context.
Many farsighted businesspeople have paid their attention to China and to
the western regions and got generous profits in return of their investment
activities. I believe that more opportunities will be created for foreign
businesspeople to participate in the development of western China following
our WTO accession and greater space for development of themselves. In the
meantime, the economic potential of the western regions could be tapped
to a deeper degree. The development of the western regions will surely
serve as a bridge connecting businesspeople all over the world and the
Chinese market, and promote China and the world to achieve common economic
development and prosperity.
Thank you all.
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